Advanced Materials: efficient new crown vaccine adjuvant based on aluminum adjuvant granulation emulsion

At present novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 SARS-CoV-2) has been infected by

which has infected more than 28 million people worldwide about 900000 people have died caused hundreds of millions of economic losses. In order to deal with the outbreak vaccine adjuvant based on existing resources / raw materials has become an ideal rapid solution strategy. At present aluminum adjuvant is still the only vaccine adjuvant approved for use in most developing countries. However the effect of cellular immunity is poor so it is difficult to induce effective cellular immunity to produce comprehensive protection for the body can not meet the increasing dem for vaccine adjuvant. Therefore how to rationalize the aluminum adjuvant to ensure the safety efficiency of vaccine adjuvant is an urgent problem to be solved.

China's Key Laboratory of biochemical engineering Institute of process engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Xia Yufei associate professor of Research Institute of biochemical engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Yan Jinghua a researcher at the Institute of Microbiology Dai Lianpan associate professor of Beijing Life Sciences Research Institute have used the original granular emulsion technology to build commercialized aluminum adjuvant into gel particles then form the way of arranging the gel particles at the oil-water interface. Kdsps The granulation emulsion (PAPE) has a rough surface structure similar to that of the pathogen has higher cell affinity which is conducive to efficient endocytosis of immune cells. Its surface positive charge can induce the lysosomal escape to trigger the cytoplasmic delivery cross presentation of antigen thereby enhancing the effect of vaccine humoral cellular immune response is expected to be a new crown. Vaccine adjuvant research provides a safe efficient new strategy. Compared with commercialized adjuvants the advantages of

are as follows: (1) the granulation emulsion can make the aluminum adjuvant particles arranged at the oil-water interface not only enhancing the specific surface area but also increasing the hydrophobicity thereby enhancing the affinity of the cell membrane with the same lipid molecules. (2) the coarse surface of granulation emulsion is beneficial to microtubule implantation of dendritic cells (DC) thus promoting the cell endocytosis of granulation emulsion. (3) after entering the lysosome the electropositive nature of the surface of the granulation emulsion can induce the proton sponge effect resulting in a large number of H ion influx dilatation of lysosomes thus achieving the escape of lysosomes delivered by antigens. (4) in the immunization experiment of COVID-19 recombinant vaccine compared with commercialized aluminum adjuvant granulation emulsion significantly enhanced the titer of antigen specific antibody IgG the proportion of T cells secreting IFN- gamma in the spleen cells which greatly enhanced the humoral cellular immune responses of the new crown vaccine.

the raw materials of granulation emulsion are all clinical approved materials showing good biological safety at injection site inflammation main organ tissue sections serum biochemical indexes. Moreover the soft aluminum adjuvant gel particles can better stabilize the emulsion have good room temperature storage stability. In this study three different commercialized aluminum adjuvants were used to prepare granulated emulsions which significantly enhanced cellular immunity humoral immunity demonstrating the potential of granulation emulsion technology in building a safe efficient versatile platform for vaccine formulations. At the same time the author points out that although pape has good immune enhancement effect safety it still needs to do more comprehensive experimental research for its large-scale application as vaccine adjuvant in new crown vaccine. At present the research team is actively carrying out relevant experiments to explore the large-scale preparation process of pape the optimization of aluminum adjuvant dosage the safety evaluation at the level of large animals. Relevant research results of

were published online in advanced materials (DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004210) on August 31 were selected as back cover.

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